This info-graphic shows the Apollo 11 Mission to the Moon.
The Apollo 11 mission was the first crewed mission to successfully land humans on the Moon. Here’s a concise overview of the Apollo 11 mission from start to finish:
- Launch: Apollo 11 was launched from Kennedy Space Center in Florida on July 16, 1969, at 9:32 AM EDT. The launch vehicle was the Saturn V rocket, and the crew consisted of three astronauts: Commander Neil Armstrong, Command Module Pilot Michael Collins, and Lunar Module Pilot Edwin “Buzz” Aldrin.
- Trans-Lunar Injection: After achieving orbit around Earth, the Saturn V’s third stage fired to propel the spacecraft out of Earth’s orbit and on a trajectory toward the Moon.
- Transposition and Docking: Once the spacecraft was on its way to the Moon, the Command and Service Module (CSM) separated from the Saturn V’s third stage, turned around, and docked with the Lunar Module (LM), which was stowed in the third stage.
- Lunar Orbit Insertion: Apollo 11 entered lunar orbit on July 19, 1969, after a journey of about three days. The spacecraft performed maneuvers to achieve a circular orbit around the Moon.
- Lunar Module Descent: On July 20, 1969, Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin entered the Lunar Module, named “Eagle,” while Michael Collins remained in the Command Module, named “Columbia.” The Lunar Module separated from the Command Module and descended to the lunar surface.
- Lunar Landing: The Lunar Module successfully landed on the Moon’s surface in the Sea of Tranquility at 20:17 UTC (Coordinated Universal Time) on July 20, 1969. Neil Armstrong famously radioed, “The Eagle has landed.”
- Moonwalk: About six and a half hours after landing, on July 21, 1969, Neil Armstrong became the first human to step onto the lunar surface, followed by Buzz Aldrin. Armstrong’s famous words upon stepping onto the Moon were, “That’s one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind.”
- Lunar Activities: During their approximately 2.5-hour moonwalk, Armstrong and Aldrin collected lunar samples, conducted experiments, and planted the American flag. They also placed a plaque on the LM’s leg with the inscription, “Here men from the planet Earth first set foot upon the Moon. July 1969 A.D. We came in peace for all mankind.”
- Return to Earth: After about 21 hours on the lunar surface, the Lunar Module’s ascent stage lifted off and rejoined the Command Module in lunar orbit. The ascent and rendezvous were successful, and the crew transferred back to the Command Module.
- Splashdown: On July 24, 1969, Apollo 11 re-entered Earth’s atmosphere and safely splashed down in the Pacific Ocean, approximately 13 kilometers (8 miles) from the recovery ship, the USS Hornet. The crew was retrieved by helicopter and placed in quarantine to prevent any potential lunar pathogens from contaminating Earth.
The Apollo 11 mission was a historic achievement, and the safe return of its crew marked a monumental moment in human history. It demonstrated the United States’ ability to land humans on the Moon and return them safely to Earth, fulfilling President John F. Kennedy’s goal of landing a man on the Moon before the end of the decade.
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